High blood pressure (Hypertension)
What is Hypertension ? (High Blood Pressure)
Another name for high blood pressure is hypertension
(high blood pressure). You will know
that the blood present in our body constantly runs in the veins and through this
blood all the organs of the body reach oxygen, glucose, vitamins, minerals
etc., necessary for energy and nutrition.
Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by the blood flow on the walls of
the veins. Usually, this blood pressure
depends on the speed at which the heart is pumping blood and the number of
obstructions the blood is facing in the veins.
According to medical guidelines, blood pressure above 130/80 mmHg is
considered as hypertension or high blood pressure.
About 2.5 lakh people die every year in India due to
hypertension, whereas this figure is crores of people worldwide. The special thing is that despite the
warnings of the World Health Organization, the number of its patients is
increasing continuously due to poor lifestyle and unhealthy eating habits. Although any part of the body can be affected
by high blood pressure, the heart is most at risk. Chest pain occurs when the heart does not get
enough oxygen due to narrowed or constricted blood vessels. In such a situation, if the flow of blood
stops, then heart-attack or cardiac arrest can also occur.
HyperTension Causes : -
According to the reasons, there are two types of
hypertension or high blood pressure.
Primary hypertension- Primary hypertension occurs mostly in young
people and there is no specific reason for it, but due to continuous irregular
lifestyle, it becomes gradually over time.
The causes of this type of blood pressure are very common such as:
· ■ Obesity
■ Lack of sleep
■ Getting angry Excessive
· ■ consumption of non-vegetarian food
· Stress.
· ■ Oily foods and unhealthy eating habits
Secondary hypertension- Secondary hypertension is that which occurs due to some disease or condition in the body. Common causes of secondary hypertension are as follows.
■ obstructive sleep apnoea
■ Any kidney disease
■ Any defect in the nerves due to genetic reasons
· ■ due to intoxication of alcohol, cigarette,
drugs etc.
Symptoms of
hypertension (high blood pressure)-
The initial symptoms of high blood pressure include
pain in the back of the head and neck.
Many times he ignores this kind of problem, which later becomes a
serious problem. Common symptoms of high
blood pressure are:
■ to
be tense
· ■ headache
· ■ Shortness of breath and sometimes shortness of
breath
· ■ bleeding with urine
■ Dizziness
· ■ fatigue and lethargy
· ■ nose bleed
· ■ Insomnia
· ■ increased
heartbeat
Sometimes some people do not have any symptoms related
to high blood pressure. They come to
know about this only after the checkup.
Not showing can be fatal for the kidney
and heart, so if you have a common problem like constant fatigue or lethargy,
then definitely get your blood pressure checked.
Types of blood pressure:
Each person's
blood pressure includes two measurements, the systolic and the diastolic. It is also called the highest reading and the
lowest reading. There are different
measurements of whether a muscle is contracting or releasing tension between
beats. Normal blood pressure at rest has
the highest reading ie systolic 100 to 140 and diastolic, the lower reading is
between 60 and 90. If a person's blood
pressure remains 140/90 for several days, then he has a problem of high blood
pressure.
High BP (High Blood Pressure) Complication
If you are suffering from the problem of high blood
pressure then you may have many dangers related to it. High blood pressure increases the risk of
heart attacks and heart diseases. Apart
from this, people suffering from this problem should also get checked for
cholesterol and diabetes. Many other
diseases are also likely to occur due to high blood pressure. High blood pressure can affect the patient's
memory, which is called dementia. In
this, the blood supply to the patient's brain decreases, and the power of
thinking decreases. High blood pressure
can cause the blood vessels in the kidneys to become narrow or thickened. Due to this, the eyesight starts decreasing,
he starts seeing blurred.
Effects
of hypertension on the heart:
■ It
can harden or thicken the arteries that carry blood to the heart. thereby reducing their width. As a result, the heart does not get enough
blood and the risk of angina, heart disease and coronary heart disease
increases significantly.
■ This
can lead to a heart attack. In fact,
people who have had an acute heart attack already have hypertension, which
comes on suddenly from stealth, and is then treated.
■ Hypertension
causes the heart muscle to become abnormally thick, known as left ventricular
hypertrophy. is called. Which is a major factor in future death due
to cardiovascular disease.
■ High blood pressure puts a lot of pressure on the heart. Due to this the heart has to work more than
normal. Due to this the size of the
heart keeps on increasing and later it starts weakening. This problem leads to heart failure.
■ Suboptimal high blood pressure is responsible
for 50% of cases of endemic heart attacks.
An increase of 20 mmHg in systolic blood pressure or 10 mmHg in
diastolic blood pressure doubles the risk of death from blood pressure.
■ With
the right treatment of Hypertension, the widespread and serious consequences of
this disease can be avoided.
■ Antihypertensive
therapy can reduce the incidence of heart attack by 20 to 25 percent. At the same time, the cases of heart failure
can also be reduced by more than 50 percent on average.
Effects of Hypertension
in Pregnancy - Gestational Hypertension
If there is a problem of high blood pressure during
pregnancy, it is called chronic hypertension or chronic hypertension. If the problem of high blood pressure occurs
after 20 weeks of pregnancy, in labor or within 48 hours of delivery, then it
is called pregnancy induced hypertension.
During this time, if the blood pressure is 140/90 or more, then both the
woman and the child can suffer. Due to
this the patient can reach eclampsia, which is a type of complication in which
the woman starts having tremors.
The problem of
high blood pressure during pregnancy is seen a lot in women. This problem becomes severe as the fetus
develops. During pregnancy, if there is
a lack of nutritious foods in the diet, then women suffer from anemia. Due to lack of blood in the body, the
development of feet stops. There is also
the possibility of miscarriage due to this.
There are three types of high blood pressure during
pregnancy – chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.
dangers of high blood pressure
in pregnancy
High blood
pressure during pregnancy can hamper the growth of the baby. Vitamins and proteins needed by the child are
not available. It also affects the
weight of the unborn child. Hypertension can cause damage to the placenta. In some cases the placenta separates from the
uterus. Due to this the oxygen supply of
the baby gets interrupted. The woman may
also have bleeding. High blood pressure during pregnancy increases the chances
of premature delivery. If a woman has a
problem of high blood pressure during pregnancy, then the risk of heart
diseases increases after 20 weeks of delivery.
Its complications can be reduced through proper diet and regular
checkups during pregnancy. If you see
symptoms of hypertension during this time, contact the doctor immediately.
Hypertension (high blood pressure) test
Measuring blood pressure is very easy. In most hospitals, your blood pressure and
weight are checked before visiting the doctor.
Usually, the correct results are given when the blood pressure is
continuously checked. Only once the
reading is high, it cannot be treated.
Nowadays, there are many types of electronic monitors available in the
market, with the help of which you can easily check and monitor your blood
pressure at home. Initially, while
adjusting the medicines, measure the blood pressure and set a goal. Normal blood pressure is less than 120/80
mmHg. When blood pressure exceeds 130/80
mmHg, it is classified as hypertension or high blood pressure. Those who have diabetes and high blood
pressure, their blood pressure should be 130/80 or less. If your blood pressure is persistently high,
then you should contact the doctor immediately.
In such a situation, the doctor may ask you for these tests in addition
to blood pressure.
· ■ Urine
test
· ■ blood
test
· ■ cholesterol test
· ■ heart
ECG
· ■ heart
or kidney ultrasound
Hypertension
(high blood pressure) treatment
Treatment of primary hypertension-- Some medicines are
given to you to cure primary hypertension, which keeps your blood pressure
normal, but at the same time recommend necessary changes in lifestyle because
the main cause of primary hypertension is lifestyle irregularity. In such cases the doctor may give you the
following advice.
■ Regular
Checkups To keep blood pressure under control and diagnose high blood pressure,
it is important that you get your blood pressure checked regularly. The systolic blood pressure of a healthy
adult is between 90 and 120 millimeters of mercury, and the normal diastolic
blood pressure is between 60 and 80 millimeters of mercury.
■ Reduce
salt intake You should limit salt intake in your diet. Consuming salt in high amounts increases the
risk of heart problems. If you pay
attention to your food and drink in time, then you will not have any kind of
problem in future.
■ Control
cholesterol: You should not consume such a diet, which can increase the level
of cholesterol. The increase in
cholesterol level also increases the level of blood pressure and this also
affects your heart. To keep the heart
healthy, fish should be consumed along with seasonal fruits and green
vegetables.
■ Reduce
anger It is often seen that people who are more angry, their blood pressure
level is also high. Anger has a negative
effect on your life and in such a situation you also remain under stress. You can take the help of meditation and yoga
to relieve stress and control blood pressure.
■ Stay
away from alcohol, according to experts, consuming alcohol in high amounts also
increases your blood pressure.
Consumption of alcohol leads to weight gain, in future it can also be
harmful for your heart. By paying
attention to health and lifestyle, you can avoid heart related problems.
■ Regular exercise is beneficial. Regular
exercise is beneficial for your health.
In addition, exercise also protects you from high blood pressure and
heart disease. At least 30 minutes of
exercise should be done daily. If you
are suffering from any disease or problem, then consult a doctor which type of
exercise will be right for you.
■ Control the weight. High blood pressure is the
cause of excess weight. If you are
overweight, then you may have a problem of high blood pressure. That's why it is important that you keep your
weight under control, because of this your blood pressure level will also be
controlled.
Treatment of Secondary Hypertension :
Since
secondary hypertension is caused due to some problem of the body itself, in
such cases doctors give medicines to control blood pressure, but their main
focus is to eliminate the disease due to which blood pressure has
increased. . Sometimes this task becomes difficult because
the drugs that are available for the treatment of the disease, the use of those
medicines leads to an increase in blood pressure. Therefore, in such a case, consult a
qualified doctor only. Sometimes, both
types of treatment are needed for the treatment of blood pressure, that is,
treatment of the disease and also lifestyle changes, in such a situation the
doctor can give you proper advice.
Conclusion
Adopting a
healthy lifestyle can help you maintain a normal blood pressure.
Doing so
becomes even more important if you are at high risk of high blood
pressure. People at high risk should
have periodic blood pressure checks.
If you have
symptoms of high or low blood pressure, or your at-home test results are beyond
the ideal range, seek your doctor's advice.
They can find
out if an existing disease or medicine has caused it.
You will
usually need to make some lifestyle changes to be diagnosed with high blood
pressure. Your doctor may also advise
you to take medicine.
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